🔮 Day 1 - Spell Solutions

🔮 Day 1 - Spell Solutions#

Oda the Data Otter’s Magic Answer Key! 🦦✨

✨ Spell 1: Simple If-Else Magic - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Change my_favorite_number to different values (try 3, 10, 1)

  • my_favorite_number <- 3: Output → “💭 That’s a nice small number!” (because 3 is not > 5)

  • my_favorite_number <- 10: Output → “🎉 Wow! That’s a big number!” (because 10 > 5)

  • my_favorite_number <- 1: Output → “💭 That’s a nice small number!” (because 1 is not > 5)

2. Can you predict the message before running it?

  • If the number is greater than 5 → “big number” message

  • If the number is 5 or less → “small number” message

✨ Spell 2: Multiple Choices - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Change favorite_color to your actual favorite color

  • If your color is “red”, “blue”, or “green” → specific mood message

  • Any other color → “✨ You have a unique and magical taste!”

2. If your color isn’t there, what message do you get?

  • You get the default message: “✨ You have a unique and magical taste!”

3. Extension: Add your favorite color with a special message

# set the locale to English and UTF-8 encoding so that emojis can be displayed correctly
Sys.setlocale("LC_CTYPE", "en_US.UTF-8")
'en_US.UTF-8'
# 🌈 Oda's color mood detector with added purple option
favorite_color <- "purple"

if (favorite_color == "red") {
  print("🔥 You like bold and exciting adventures!")
} else if (favorite_color == "blue") {
  print("🌊 You love calm and peaceful vibes!")
} else if (favorite_color == "green") {
  print("🌱 You enjoy nature and growing things!")
} else if (favorite_color == "purple") { # NEW line added to include a new color purple
  print("💜 You love magic and mystery!") # NEW line added
} else {
  print("✨ You have a unique and magical taste!")
}

[1] "💜 You love magic and mystery!"

✨ Spell 3: Number Range Detective - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Predict which otter for each number:

  • mystery_number <- 5: “🐣 Tiny number - like a baby otter!” (5 < 10)

  • mystery_number <- 25: “🦦 Medium number - like a young otter!” (25 < 50)

  • mystery_number <- 75: “🏔️ Big number - like a mountain otter!” (75 < 100)

  • mystery_number <- 150: “🚀 Huge number - like a space otter!” (150 >= 100)

2. What happens with 0 or negative numbers?

  • mystery_number <- 0: “🐣 Tiny number - like a baby otter!” (0 < 10)

  • mystery_number <- -5: “🐣 Tiny number - like a baby otter!” (-5 < 10)

3. Why check smaller numbers first?

  • R checks conditions from top to bottom and stops at the first TRUE condition

  • If we checked larger ranges first, smaller numbers might never reach their specific conditions

✨ Spell 4: AND Condition Magic - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test weather combinations:

  • temperature <- 15, weather <- "sunny": “🏠 Maybe it’s a good day to stay inside…” (15 is not > 20)

  • temperature <- 25, weather <- "rainy": “🏠 Maybe it’s a good day to stay inside…” (weather is not “sunny”)

  • temperature <- 30, weather <- "sunny": “🏖️ Perfect day for swimming and playing!” (both conditions true)

2. Challenge Questions:

  • Only temperature good but weather bad: No perfect day (need BOTH conditions)

  • Only weather good but temperature bad: No perfect day (need BOTH conditions)

  • Why need BOTH true: AND (&) requires ALL conditions to be true

3. 🎯 Experiment: Try creating your own perfect day conditions: Example output:

temperature <- 25
weather <- "sunny"
wind_speed <- 60

if ((temperature > 20) & (weather == "sunny") & (wind_speed < 10)) {
  print("🏖️ Perfect day for swimming and playing!")
  print("🦦 Oda is super happy!")
} else if (wind_speed > 50){
  print("💨 Wow I'm being blown away, hide in the bunk!")
}else {
  print("🏠 Maybe it's a good day to stay inside and code!")
}

[1] "💨 Wow I'm being blown away, hide in the bunk!"

  • (Because wind_speed = 60, which is > 50, so the first condition fails and the second condition is true)

✨ Spell 5: OR Condition Magic - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test different snacks:

  • snack <- "apple": “🥰 Yummy! Oda loves healthy snacks!” (apple is in healthy list)

  • snack <- "banana": “🥰 Yummy! Oda loves healthy snacks!” (banana is in healthy list)

  • snack <- "cookie": “🍪 Sweet treat! But just a little bit!” (cookie is in sweet list)

  • snack <- "pizza": “🤔 Hmm, Oda isn’t sure about this snack…” (not in any list)

2. What happens with “Apple” vs “apple”?

  • snack <- "Apple": “🤔 Hmm, Oda isn’t sure…” (R is case-sensitive - “Apple” ≠ “apple”)

3. Extension: Add more snacks

# 🍎 Oda's snack time detector with added protein category
snack <- "cheese"

if (snack == "apple" | snack == "banana" | snack == "carrot") {
  print("🥰 Yummy! Oda loves healthy snacks!")
  print("💪 This will give me energy for coding!")
} else if (snack == "cookie" | snack == "candy") {
  print("🍪 Sweet treat! But just a little bit!")
} else if (snack == "cheese" | snack == "nuts") {
  print("🧀 Protein power! Great for brain fuel!")
} else {
  print("🤔 Hmm, Oda isn't sure about this snack...")
}

[1] "🧀 Protein power! Great for brain fuel!"

✨ Spell 6: Age Group Sorter - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test different ages:

  • age <- 5: “🐣 Little explorer - just starting the adventure!” (5 < 6)

  • age <- 8: “🧸 Young adventurer - ready for fun!” (6 ≤ 8 ≤ 9)

  • age <- 12: “🧙‍♀️ Data wizard in training - that’s you!” (10 ≤ 12 ≤ 14)

  • age <- 16: “🚀 Teen tech master - almost ready to rule the world!” (15 ≤ 16 ≤ 18)

  • age <- 25: “🎓 Wise adult - teaching the next generation!” (25 > 18)

2. Edge cases:

  • age <- 6: “🧸 Young adventurer” (6 ≥ 6 is true)

  • age <- 14: “🧙‍♀️ Data wizard in training” (14 ≤ 14 is true)

3. Why use >= and <=?

  • To include the boundary ages (like exactly 6 or exactly 14)

  • Makes sure no ages “fall through the cracks”

4. 🎯 Challenge Solution: Age-Based Activity Sorter

# 🎯 Oda's Age-Based Activity Sorter - Perfect activities for each age group!
age <- 12  # Try different ages: 4, 7, 13, 16, 25

if (age < 6) {
  print("🐣 Little Explorer Activities:")
  print("🧸 Play with building blocks and stuffed animals")
  print("📚 Listen to picture book stories") 
  print("🎨 Finger painting and simple crafts")
  print("🎵 Sing-along songs and nursery rhymes")
} else if (age >= 6 & age <= 9) {
  print("🧸 Young Adventurer Activities:")
  print("🎮 Simple board games and puzzles")
  print("⚽ Team sports like soccer or basketball")
  print("🔬 Basic science experiments")
  print("🎭 Drama and pretend play")
} else if (age >= 10 & age <= 14) {
  print("🧙‍♀️ Data Wizard Activities:")
  print("💻 Learn coding and computer programming!")
  print("🎸 Learn musical instruments")
  print("📱 Create digital art and videos")
  print("🧩 Complex strategy games and escape rooms")
} else if (age >= 15 & age <= 18) {
  print("🚀 Teen Tech Master Activities:")
  print("🚗 Learn to drive and gain independence")
  print("💼 Part-time jobs and internships")
  print("🎓 Prepare for college and career planning")
  print("🌍 Volunteer work and community service")
} else {
  print("🎓 Wise Adult Activities:")
  print("👨‍🏫 Teach and mentor the next generation")
  print("💰 Career advancement and financial planning")
  print("🌿 Hobbies like gardening, cooking, or travel")
}

print(paste("🎂 Perfect activities for someone who is", age, "years old!"))

[1] "🧙‍♀️ Data Wizard Activities:"
[1] "💻 Learn coding and computer programming!"
[1] "🎸 Learn musical instruments"
[1] "📱 Create digital art and videos"
[1] "🧩 Complex strategy games and escape rooms"

[1] "🎂 Perfect activities for someone who is 12 years old!"

✨ Spell 7: Multiple Actions Spell - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test magic words:

  • magic_word <- "abracadabra": Full classic magic show (4 actions)

  • magic_word <- "alakazam": Fireworks show (3 actions)

  • magic_word <- "hocus pocus": Unknown magic word message (2 actions)

2. Why multiple print() statements?

  • Each print() creates a separate line of output

  • Creates a sequence of actions that tell a story

  • Makes the magic show feel more dramatic and realistic

3. Creative Challenge: Add third magic word

# 🎪 Oda's magic show with multiple tricks including new "presto" magic
magic_word <- "presto"

if (magic_word == "abracadabra") {
  print("✨ *Sparkles appear in the air*")
  print("🎩 *A rabbit pops out of the hat*")
  print("🌟 *The crowd cheers loudly*")
  print("🦦 Oda takes a bow!")
} else if (magic_word == "alakazam") {
  print("💥 *Thunder sound effect*")
  print("🎆 *Colorful fireworks explode*")
  print("🦦 Oda does a backflip!")
} else if (magic_word == "presto") {
  print("🐰 *Magic rabbits hop everywhere*")
  print("🌈 *Rainbow appears in the sky*")
  print("🦦 Oda waves her magic wand!")
} else {
  print("😅 Oops! That's not a magic word Oda knows...")
  print("💡 Try 'abracadabra', 'alakazam', or 'presto'!")
}

[1] "🐰 *Magic rabbits hop everywhere*"
[1] "🌈 *Rainbow appears in the sky*"
[1] "🦦 Oda waves her magic wand!"

✨ Spell 8: No Else Challenge - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test point values:

  • points <- 30: Only “🎯 You have 30 points total!” (no achievements met)

  • points <- 60: “👍 GOOD JOB! Keep practicing!” + total points (≥50 condition met)

  • points <- 80: “⭐ AWESOME! You’re doing great!” + “👍 GOOD JOB! Keep practicing!” + total points (≥75 and ≥50 met)

  • points <- 120: All three achievements + total points (≥100, ≥75, ≥50 all met)

2. Why multiple achievement messages?

  • Each if statement runs independently (no else to stop them)

  • High scores qualify for multiple achievement levels simultaneously

  • Like earning multiple badges in a game

3. Minimum points for all achievements?

  • Need at least 100 points to trigger all three achievement conditions

✨ Spell 9: Code Order Magic - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Compare both versions:

Version 9A (Correct):

  • position <- 1: “🥇 GOLD MEDAL!”

  • position <- 2: “🥈 SILVER MEDAL!”

  • position <- 3: “🥉 BRONZE MEDAL!”

Version 9B (Wrong):

  • position <- 1: “👏 Good race! Keep practicing!” (WRONG!)

  • position <- 2: “👏 Good race! Keep practicing!” (WRONG!)

  • position <- 3: “👏 Good race! Keep practicing!” (WRONG!)

2. Why Version 9B always says “Good race!”

  • First condition position >= 1 is TRUE for positions 1, 2, and 3

  • R stops at the first TRUE condition and never checks the others

3. Which conditions never run in Version 2?

  • The position == 1 and position == 2 conditions never run

  • Because position >= 1 catches everything first

Key Lesson: Always check SPECIFIC conditions before GENERAL ones!

✨ Spell 10: String Detective - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test different names:

  • name <- "Jo": “📝 You have a nice short name!” (2 letters ≤ 4)

  • name <- "Elizabeth": “📚 Wow! You have a beautifully long name!” (9 letters ≥ 8)

  • name <- "Sam": “📝 You have a nice short name!” (3 letters ≤ 4)

  • name <- "Christopher": “📚 Wow! You have a beautifully long name!” (11 letters ≥ 8)

2. What does nchar() do?

  • nchar() counts the number of characters (letters) in a text string

  • nchar("hello") returns 5

  • nchar("R") returns 1

3. Why can’t Oda find Mike? THE BIG PROBLEM!

  • When name <- "Mike":

    1. First condition: nchar("Mike") <= 4 → 4 <= 4 → TRUE!

    2. R prints “📝 You have a nice short name!” and stops

    3. The Mike-finding condition never gets checked!

4. How to fix it:

# 🔍 FIXED version - Oda can now find Mike! Check for Mike FIRST:
name <- "Mike"

if (name == "mike" | name == "Mike" | name == "Michael" | name == "michael"){
  print("👥 Hi Mike, long time no see! I've caught some clams today! 🌊 🐚 🦪")
} else if (nchar(name) <= 4){
  print("📝 You have a nice short name!")
} else if (nchar(name) >= 8) {
  print("📚 Wow! You have a beautifully long name!")
} else {
  print("✨ You have a perfectly medium-sized name!")
}

# Bonus: Count the letters in your name!
print(paste("🔢 Your name has", nchar(name), "letters!"))

[1] "👥 Hi Mike, long time no see! I've caught some clams today! 🌊 🐚 🦪"

[1] "🔢 Your name has 4 letters!"

(Now Oda can find Mike because we check for his name BEFORE checking the length!)

✨ Spell 11: Temperature Zone Detective - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test temperatures:

  • temperature <- -5: “🧊 FREEZING!” + winter coat message (-5 ≤ 0)

  • temperature <- 5: “🥶 COLD! Perfect sweater weather!” (1 ≤ 5 ≤ 10)

  • temperature <- 15: “😊 COOL! Great for a light jacket!” (11 ≤ 15 ≤ 20)

  • temperature <- 25: “☀️ WARM! Perfect for playing outside!” (21 ≤ 25 ≤ 30)

  • temperature <- 35: “🔥 HOT!” + swimming message (35 ≥ 31)

2. Why use >= and <= instead of > and <?

  • To include exact boundary temperatures (like exactly 0°, 21°, etc.)

  • Prevents temperatures from “falling between” categories

  • temperature <- 20 with < 20 would not be caught by the “cool” category

3. Edge cases:

  • temperature <- 0: “🧊 FREEZING!” (0 ≤ 0 is true)

  • temperature <- 21: “☀️ WARM!” (21 ≥ 21 is true)

  • temperature <- 20.5: “🤔 Something seems fishy with this temperature…”

✨ Spell 12: Magical Creatures - Solutions#

Activity Questions & Answers:#

1. Test different combinations:

  • creature_size <- 15, creature_color <- "purple": “🧚‍♀️ You found a tiny fairy!”

  • creature_size <- 50, creature_color <- "gold": “🐉 You found a baby dragon!”

  • creature_size <- 50, creature_color <- "blue": “🦦 You found Oda the Otter!”

  • creature_size <- 150, creature_color <- "any": “👹 You found a friendly giant!”

2. What happens with negative/zero size?

  • creature_size <- 0: “🐛 You found a magical bug!” (0 ≤ 20, not purple)

  • creature_size <- -5: “🐛 You found a magical bug!” (-5 ≤ 20, not purple)

3. How nested conditions work:

  • Outer condition checks size range first

  • Inner conditions check color within that size range

  • Like a decision tree: size → then color → then result

4. Extension ideas:

# 🦄 EXTENDED Magical Creature Classifier with more sizes and colors
creature_size <- 150   # Size in cm
creature_color <- "silver" # Try different colors

if (creature_size <= 20) {
  if (creature_color == "purple") {
    print("🧚‍♀️ You found a tiny fairy!")
  } else if (creature_color == "invisible") {
    print("👻 You found an invisible sprite!")
  } else {
    print("🐛 You found a magical bug!")
  }
} else if (creature_size >= 21 & creature_size <= 100) {
  if (creature_color == "purple") {
    print("🦄 You found a unicorn!")
  } else if (creature_color == "gold") {
    print("🐉 You found a baby dragon!")
  } else if (creature_color == "rainbow") {
    print("🦄 You found a rainbow unicorn!")
  } else {
    print("🦦 You found Oda the Otter!")
  }
} else if (creature_size >= 101 & creature_size <= 200) {
  if (creature_color == "silver") {
    print("🐺 You found a silver wolf!")
  } else if (creature_color == "gold") {
    print("🐉 You found a teenage dragon!")
  } else {
    print("🐻 You found a friendly bear!")
  }
} else if (creature_size >= 201) {
  print("👹 You found a friendly giant!")
}

print(paste("📏 Your creature is", creature_size, "cm tall and", creature_color, "colored!"))

[1] "🐺 You found a silver wolf!"

[1] "📏 Your creature is 150 cm tall and silver colored!"

(Because creature_size = 150 falls in the 101-200 range, and creature_color = “silver” matches the wolf condition)

5. SUPER CHALLENGE: Flying Ability Extension

# 🚀 ULTIMATE Magical Creature Classifier with Flying Abilities!
creature_size <- 50      # Size in cm
creature_color <- "gold" # Try different colors  
creature_ability <- "flying"  # Try: "flying", "swimming", "invisible"

if (creature_size <= 20) {
  if (creature_color == "purple") {
    if (creature_ability == "flying") {
      print("🧚‍♀️✈️ You found a flying tiny fairy!")
      print("💫 She can sprinkle magic dust from the sky!")
    } else if (creature_ability == "invisible") {
      print("🧚‍♀️👻 You found an invisible tiny fairy!")
      print("🔍 You can only see sparkles where she flies!")
    } else {
      print("🧚‍♀️ You found a tiny fairy!")
    }
  } else {
    print("🐛 You found a magical bug!")
  }
} else if (creature_size >= 21 & creature_size <= 100) {
  if (creature_color == "gold") {
    if (creature_ability == "flying") {
      print("🐉✈️ You found a flying baby dragon!")
      print("🔥 It breathes fire while soaring through the clouds!")
    } else if (creature_ability == "swimming") {
      print("🐉🌊 You found a swimming baby dragon!")
      print("💧 It can breathe underwater and shoots water blasts!")
    } else {
      print("🐉 You found a baby dragon!")
    }
  } else if (creature_color == "purple") {
    if (creature_ability == "flying") {
      print("🦄✈️ You found a flying unicorn!")
      print("🌈 It leaves rainbow trails in the sky!")
    } else {
      print("🦄 You found a unicorn!")
    }
  } else {
    print("🦦 You found Oda the Otter!")
  }
} else if (creature_size >= 101) {
  if (creature_ability == "flying") {
    print("👹✈️ You found a flying friendly giant!")
    print("☁️ The ground shakes when it lands!")
  } else {
    print("👹 You found a friendly giant!")
  }
}

print(paste("📏 Your creature is", creature_size, "cm tall,", creature_color, "colored, and has", creature_ability, "ability!"))

[1] "🐉✈️ You found a flying baby dragon!"
[1] "🔥 It breathes fire while soaring through the clouds!"

[1] "📏 Your creature is 50 cm tall, gold colored, and has flying ability!"

(Because creature_size = 50, creature_color = “gold”, and creature_ability = “flying” all match the flying baby dragon conditions)

🎉 Congratulations! You’ve mastered all 12 magical spells! You’re now ready to cast decision-making magic in any R adventure! 🦦✨

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